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Abstract- This study explores the transformative impact of 3D modeling technology in digital sculpture on traditional human figure sculpture, with a particular focus on linguistic expression, muscle structure representation, material production, and artistic performance. The research design adopts a mixed approach combining literature review, questionnaire surveys, and expert interviews to systematically examine the differences between digital and traditional sculpture, while also assessing audience perceptions of acceptance and cultural identity. The findings reveal that 3D modeling demonstrates high precision in depicting anatomical details and structural proportions, while also enhancing expressive tension through material simulation and color rendering. Most respondents, especially younger audiences, expressed strong recognition of digital sculpture, describing it as modern, innovative, and culturally valuable. However, some participants voiced concerns regarding the perceived lack of “handcrafted quality” and “human warmth,” reflecting the tensions between technological precision and traditional aesthetics. Overall, the analysis indicates that 3D modeling provides new methodological pathways for sculpture, with advantages in efficiency, reproducibility, and cross-media expansion. At the same time, its limitations underscore the need for artists to balance technological precision with emotional depth. The value of this research lies in offering a new perspective on the integration of digital technology and traditional art, enriching the diversity of sculptural language, and providing references for applications in sculpture education, exhibition curation, and cultural communication. Rather than positioning digital techniques as replacements, this study emphasizes their complementary role with tradition, suggesting a direction for the sustainable development of future sculptural practice.

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